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The Graveyards of Gallipoli; A Digger History Associate Site

Kum Kale

A Tribute to the Men of all the Nations that took part in the Gallipoli Campaign of 1915

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The French Landing At Kum Kale 25 & 26 April 1915

Flag of France

by Yves "Froggy" Fohlen

It was planned as just a diversion to maintain on the Asian coast of the Gallipoli peninsular the 3rd and 11th Turkish divisions and to prevent Turkish artillery from shelling the Morto Bay and Cape Helles landings areas.

The village of Koum-Kalé (Kum Kale) and the old fort were the objective of a French detachment under Colonel Ruef, chief commander of Colonial Brigade.

  • It was composed of :

    • 6th Regiment Mixte Colonial  ( Mixte means white officers and NCOs and black men or north Africans as soldiers)

    • A 75mm artillery field gun battery

    • A Machine Gun platoon of a cavalry regiment

    • Half of a sapper platoon

    • One ambulance

    • A signaller detachment

On 25 April at 4.20 am the French Naval Division ships were in front the Dardanelles entrance. Artillery bombardment started at 5.15 am and at 6.20 am orders were given to land. A strong current prevented quick landing. 

So just at 10.15am  the first whaleboats reached the beach. But they could not land because of Turkish fire. However the 10th and 11th Senegalese Companies landed in water and started to climb the ramparts of the fort. They used a breach in the ramparts made by French artillery fire.

Landing went on and before 12 noon the village of Koum Kalé was taken. The Turks stubbornly defended the cemetery . The French had heavy losses. By 2.30 pm French artillery had landed but it was too weak to support French advance. Progression was stopped at 6.30 pm because of night falling.

The Turks launched at least 3 big counterattacks at night but they were repulsed with heavy casualties.

On morning of 26 April the assault against the cemetery had to be made again. Bombardment was made by French naval guns. At 7 am Turks soldiers surrendered, but others with weapons came but refused to give up so the fighting kept going. 

Confusion was also rife and the French lost 2 machine guns then Turks entered the village and barricaded themselves in houses. After harsh fighting the positions lost were retaken. A new assault against the cemetery failed.

At 12 o'clock  General Hamilton gave the authorisation to the French chief Corps Commander General d’Amade to order the evacuation . 

Image from Militaria Magazine #50

Colonel Ruef got the order just on 5 pm. The re-embarkment process began at night with the Infantry leaving at 10 pm. The mission had been accomplished

Casualties : French 7 officers and 183 men KIA, 13 officers and 575 men wounded in action

Turks : 1,730 KIA, wounded or missing.

French troops took about 500 prisoners.
 
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Graveyards of Gallipoli:  a Tribute to the Men of all the Nations that took part in the Gallipoli Campaign of 1915