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The Graveyards of Gallipoli; A Digger History Associate Site |
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A Tribute to the Men of all the Nations that took part in the Gallipoli Campaign of 1915 |
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Turkish (Ottoman Empire) Badges & Medals of WW1 |
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This
medal is given by Grand
National Assembly of Turkey with act of Parliament number 3972 and date
16.02.1994, to Çanakkale city.
This medal is only one piece, and now in the Çanakkale Governorship. Image and details by Murat Bal Unidentified Turkish medal medallion badge Circa 1916>>>
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German copy of the Liyakat medal |
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Note the different suspension system on the German made copies. |
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"Gallipoli Star"; Created in 1915 as an award of merit specific to the current war (World War I), this medal was not a campaign medal, but a medal for military merit. The War Medal was the "entry level" gallantry award of the Turkish military in World War I, ranking below the silver Liyakat Medal. This medal is often referred to by nicknames, such as the "Gallipoli Star" in English, or the "Eiserner Halbmond" (Iron Crescent) in German. |
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The medal is star shaped, approximately 56 mm. across, with ball finials, a raised silver edge and red field in lacquer or enamel. A raised crescent, open at the top, encircles the center of the badge, and inside the crescent is the tughra of Sultan Mehmed Reshad V, over the date "1333" (1915). The statute ribbon was red, 29 mm., with 5 mm. white stripes, 2.5 mm. from each edge for those who earned the medal in combat. For noncombatants, a reverse color scheme was used: white with red stripes. The ribbon was not to be worn with the medal itself, but was to be looped through the second buttonhole of the tunic when the medal was not being worn. Much more detail |
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Ribbon Bars |
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Like most armies the Turks had a ribbon bar arrangement for wearing on civilian clothing or in uniform when wearing the medals themselves was not appropriate. |
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The Turkish War Medal
of 1915. This medal is referred to by a number of informal names.
Commonwealth nations often call it the "Gallipoli Star" even
though it was not a campaign medal specifically for that battle. Another
informal name is the "Iron Crescent," as it functioned
similarly to Prussia's Iron Cross.
The medal was given from 1915 until the end of the war, for acts of bravery or merit in action. Recipients of the Imtiaz and Liyakat medal were automatically eligible for this medal. Much more detail |
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The
Imtiaz Medal was the higher
ranking of two medals for meritorious military service awarded by the
Ottoman Turkish Government. It was 37mm in diameter, in silver and gold,
with a trophy of arms on the obverse and an elaborate arabic inscription
on the reverse.
The ribbon was half red, half green, with the red on the right.
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The Liyakat Medal was the junior ranking medal in the Turkish system of honors. It resembles a smaller version of the Imtiaz medal, 25mm in diameter. It was also awarded in silver and gold classes, both suspended from a red ribbon with narrow green stripes at the borders. Like the Imtiaz medals of the WW1 period, it used the crossed sabers device for combat awards, and in this form was frequently awarded to German military personnel. |
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The Osmanie Order, Order of the Ottoman Empire, was founded in 1861. Although not the highest ranking Ottoman order, it was the highest one that most officers of the Great War were likely to see. This Order was also bestowed on British officers (before the Ottoman diplomatic shift towards Germany) for service to the Ottoman empire in Egypt and the Sudan. It consisted of a seven-pointed star in silver with green enamel, and silver rays between the points. The center medallion was red enameled gilt or gold, with a raised crescent around the bottom, and an ornate calligraphic inscription. |
| The badge was suspended by a device in the form of a crescent and star, and used a ribbon of bright green with red border stripes. Military awards of this order bore a pair of crossed sabers superimposed over the star shaped portion of the badge. The Order came in four classes. | |
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The
Order of Medjid,
founded in 1852, was the lowest ranking Ottoman order, but nonetheless
was considered prestigious.
It was frequently awarded to German officers who served in Turkey during WW1. The Order was also bestowed on British subjects well prior to the war for service in Egypt and in the Crimean War. The badge consisted of a silver seven-pointed star, with small crescents and stars between the rays. In the center was a gold (or gilt) medallion with the Sultan's "Toughra," surrounded by a red-enameled gold ring with the words "Zeal, Devotion, Loyalty" in arabic script. The badge is suspended by a red-enameled crescent and star device, on a red ribbon with green borders. The Order came in five classes. |
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Red Crescent Medal (Hilali
Ahmer Madalyasi)
Instituted in 1903 to reward services to the Red Crescent (the equivalent of the Red Cross in Islamic countries). The medal is round, 29 mm. in diameter, with a red crescent facing left on a white field enameled in the center of the obverse. Below this is a sprig of laurel, and above it the inscription "Humane Assistance". The uniquely shaped suspension bar bears the tughra of Sultan Mehmed Reshad V below a white enameled bar that reads "Ottoman Red Crescent Association." There is also a bar at the top of the ribbon, enameled white, which is sometimes seen with year designations on the bar, indicating years served with the Red Crescent. |
| This medal came in three classes, gold, silver and bronze. There was also an oak leaf device worn on the ribbons of all three classes (white with a narrow red center stripe), but as this was a unique practice among Ottoman medals it is not clear whether this represented an additional award or a higher level within each class. Recommendations for award of the two lower classes were made by the Executive Committee of the Red Crescent, but only the Sultan himself could recommend a recipient of the first class. This medal continued to be awarded after World War I, until the establishment of the Republic. | |
